The European Union will seek to step up cooperation with African countries to help replace imports of Russian natural gas and reduce its dependence on Moscow by almost two-thirds. A mega-project in Nigeria is raising hopes for more gas imports for Eu...

What hole will a total Russian oil ban leave? Europe does not have the space to make such a move, suggesting that most of Russia's exports of 7mn bpd of crude are currently expected to survive the sanctions and bans. This will limit the extent to whi...

If Russian oil is embargoed, not every customer will participate – eg China and Belarus, and Germany's Chancellor Olaf Scholz has stated his opposition. And longer-term, a prolonged period of very high oil prices likely accelerates the transition to ...

Iran's currency is less than one-fifth of official value in the parallel market; it needs full sanctions relief. The US cannot credibly commit on a permanent basis to either the letter of the original deal or the spirit in which it was negotiated — i...

Geopolitically, concerning Ukraine, the US remains in the thick of it and has accepted an invitation to meet Russia next week on the condition that they do not invade Ukraine. With this in mind, it is worth looking at the latest data from the Central...

Why is it important to unpack trade dynamics? The sharp rise in oil has added to SA’s import costs. Moreover, it is worth highlighting that commodity indices such as the Bloomberg Commodity Index have continued to record fresh multi-year highs at the...